Laser crystal technology has driven significant technological innovation since its inception, starting with Theodore Maiman’s creation of the ruby laser in the 1960s. From basic materials like ruby to advanced substances such as Nd:YAG and Ti:Al2O3, laser crystals have expanded in variety and performance. In the new millennium, global advancements have accelerated, enabling breakthroughs in deep ultraviolet and ultrashort pulse lasers. Despite challenges like high production costs, global collaboration continues to push laser crystal technology forward, promising broader applications and societal benefits in the future.